Notes on Latin American Independence, 19th century nationalism, and Industrial revolution (G.H 3)

Latin American Independence

*Inspired by Enlightenment ideals, the people of Latin America rebelled against Spanish & Portuguese rule in the early 19th century. Rebels in the Spanish colonies waged a series of hand-fought military campaigns to gain their license, while Brazil carried out a peaceful revolution to free itself from Portugal

*From 1814-15, the Congress of Vienna, which was organized by Prime Minister Metternich of Austria, met to discuss the future of European politics

*The briny goals at the Congress at Vienna included:

oA semblance of the monarchy in France and a return to old ways of establishment people.

oAttempts to limit the spread of ideals about democracy. Although constitutional monarchies were permissible, absolute monarchies were preferred.

oBy the period of the Congress of Vienna, there were 3 primary political views forming through with(predicate) Europe: Conservatives, Liberals, and Radicals

Conservatives: Usually wealthy landowners and nobility argued for protecting tralatitious monarchies of Europe. In France, conservatives allowed for the creation of a constitutional monarchy.

Liberals: Mostly warmness class, business leaders and merchants wanted to give more business office to elected parliament in which the educated &landowners could vote.

Radicals: They bare(prenominal) wanted to extend democracy and freedom for all people

* signalize Leaders in the L.



A independence movements

oSimon Bolivar: helped both Venezuela and Peru to gain independence

oToussaint LOuverture: declared Haiti an independent nation

oMiguel Hidalgo: a priest who declared Mexicos independence from Spain

oOHiggins: declared Chile independent and became the first president there

oHose de San Martin: discomfited the Spanish in 1810, but was captured and sent to prison

oJean-Jacques Dessalines: defeated Napoleons troops in Haiti

*The Revolutions broke out in Europe. The people that were come to were the Poles, Danes, Germans, Italians, Czechs, Slovaks, Hungarians, Croats, and Romanians

*These revolutions broke out for reasons such as recession, abuse of political power,

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